The journal strictly adheres to the principles of COPE and aims to avoid any violations of academic integrity. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the originality of submitted articles and preventing plagiarism.

Manipulations via paper mills

If an article is part of a publication compromised by the use of paper mills or other fraudulent practices, the editorial team may decide to retract the article as part of that package.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Undeclared use of artificial intelligence systems to create text, images, or other data in manuscripts is considered a serious violation and may result in retraction. Authors are required to transparently disclose the use of such tools.

Multiple submission policy

Authors must submit only original articles that have not been previously submitted to other journals (except in cases where agreed upon by the reviewer). Occasionally, authors may violate this policy by submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals or submitting multiple articles based on a single study. Multiple submission can take various forms, including direct copying, partial copying, or paraphrasing. Violations of this rule will lead to immediate rejection of the article and possible sanctions against the authors.

Citation manipulation

If a manuscript is found to attempt manipulation of citations to increase references to the author's own work or articles in a specific journal, it will be immediately rejected, and the authors may face sanctions.

Data falsification

If falsified or manipulated data, including image manipulation, is discovered in a submitted article, the article will be rejected, and the authors may face sanctions.

Correction procedure

Corrections can be initiated by authors, editors, or readers. The editorial team will assess the requests and consult with the authors. Once approved, the correction will be published separately, with a link to the original article, and will be marked as a “Correction”

Types of corrections

• Correction: Published if a minor mistake is found that does not affect the substance of the research.
• Erratum: Published if an editorial error has led to significant inaccuracies.
• Corrigendum: Issued if the mistake was made by the authors.

Article retraction

In certain cases, the editorial team may decide to retract an article. Reasons for retraction may include:

• Unreliable results, regardless of whether they are the result of misconduct (e.g., falsified data).
• Previously published results without proper citations or justification.
• Plagiarism or authorship falsification.
• Compromised peer review process.
• Unethical research practices.

Retraction requests can be submitted by authors, editors, or third parties. After investigating and consulting with the authors, a decision is made by the Editor-in-Chief or their deputy.

If a retraction decision is made:

• The article will have a watermark stating "Retracted".
• The article's title will be changed to "Retraction: [Article Title]".
• A separate retraction statement will be published, marked "Retraction: [Article Title]".

Falsification of authorship and identity theft

If authorship is found to be falsely attributed, personal data is used without consent, or authorship is concealed, the article may be retracted.

Expression of concern

If there are serious concerns about the authenticity of an article or violations of academic integrity, but insufficient evidence exists for immediate retraction, the editorial team may publish an expression of concern. This statement will have a separate DOI and will be linked to the original article.

Timeliness of procedures

The editorial team will make decisions regarding the publication of corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions as promptly as possible after identifying violations. If it is impossible to agree on the final text with the authors, the editorial team reserves the right to publish a statement without delay to maintain the scientific integrity of the journal.

Availability of retractions

Retracted articles will remain in the journal’s archives and databases, clearly marked with "Retracted". Full removal may only occur in exceptional cases where required by applicable law (e.g., personal data protection, copyright infringement, court orders, etc.).

To report suspicions regarding violations in research or publications, please send an email to the editorial board at: info@bulletin-chstu.com.ua