New efficient carbon adsorbent for water deironing
Abstract
This paper aimed to synthesize a new adsorption material based on activated carbon and modified with Nickel, determine its characteristics, and study its effectiveness in the water deironing process. Nickel-containing samples of the adsorption material were obtained by impregnating oxidized activated carbon with Nickel (II) nitrate, followed by reduction of Nickel with hydrazine in an inert medium. A study of the phase composition and the nickel content's determination in the obtained modified sample was conducted which was 18,35%. With the method of low-temperature adsorptiondesorption of nitrogen was established that the oxidized form of the original activated carbon (АВок) almost twice loses its inner surface and the total porosity decreases by 42%. The Boem method was used to characterize the samples' surface of the original activated carbon and its modified samples. The surface chemistry of the synthesized carbon adsorbent is multifunctional with a high anion and cation exchange capacity. The adsorption capacity of Ni-modified active carbon toward Fe3+ ions was three times higher in comparison to the original activated carbon Norit SAE SUPER. The increase in adsorption activity is explained by a magnification in the strength of the π-conjugate electron system due to the introduction of additional electrons from the Nickel atoms into the carbon matrix, which creates conditions for its orientation and induction interactions with iron ions. Modification of the surface of the carbon adsorbent with nickel led to the appearance of magnetic properties of the synthesized material, which increases the concentration of Fe3+ ions in the near-surface layer of the adsorbent. As a consequence of the surface modification with Nickel, the increase in the adsorption capacity of the material toward iron compounds from ~117,42 mg/g to ~750 mg/g for the modified carbon material, in comparison to the initial active carbon observes. The adsorption process on the obtained Ni-containing carbon adsorbent is adequately described by the Langmuir model. It is proposed to use the synthesized material in the technology of water purification with a high concentration of iron compounds in the following combination of stages: aeration, filtration with a mechanical filter, ion exchange on modern material Ecomix A. Under such conditions, the efficiency of water purification was 99.8% in laboratory conditions
Keywords
activated carbon; modification; Ni-containing adsorbent; adsorption capacity; water purification; iron compounds
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