Transport properties of ceramic matrices based on Al2O3
Abstract
An analysis of the current state of the problem of the application of ceramic membranes in water treatment technology has been carried out. The advantages of using ceramic membranes for water treatment of various composition and origin from insoluble and soluble pollutants are their high thermal and chemical resistance and resistance to biological fouling, and as a result, a longer service life. The key factors that affect the characteristics of finished ceramic membranes are the selection of appropriate raw materials, the mechanical processing of raw materials to obtain a homogeneous mixture, the formation of the geometry of the membrane, and the heat treatment of the matrix. It has been established that the introduction of a pore former into the initial mixture allows to reduce the working pressure of pressing and to obtain ceramic matrices with high porosity. The synthesis of ceramic matrices of different composition is carried out by the method of dry pressing followed by heat treatment at temperatures of 950 ºС and 1100 ºС. The effect of the type and content of the pore former on the porosity of the synthesized ceramic matrices is investigated. It is found that the porosity of ceramic matrices significantly depends on the content of ammonium bicarbonate as a pore former in its composition - with a content of 8 %, the porosity is 63.4 %, while with a content of 16 % NH4HCO3 - 70.3 %. A sample of a ceramic matrix with a total porosity of 56.22 % with a content of pore former CaCO3 of 12.5 %, made at a sintering temperature of 950 °C, has demonstrated a sufficiently high efficiency (up to 38 %) of water purification from suspended substances that make water turbid. Surface modification of such a sample of a ceramic matrix with TiO2, obtained by the sol-gel method, has made it possible to increase the efficiency of extraction of organic dyes of various origins from an average of 10 % to 60 %, under the condition of additional UV irradiation of the ceramic matrix in the process of water filtration
Keywords
ceramic matrices; membranes; transport characteristics; porosity; wastewater
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